High-Frequency Rail (HFR) is a proposed federal passenger rail project that would establish dedicated tracks for frequent, reliable intercity train service, particularly in the Toronto-Ottawa-Montreal-Quebec City corridor. Unlike true high-speed rail reaching 300+ km/h, HFR would achieve speeds of 160-200 km/h by running on dedicated tracks separate from freight railways, eliminating delays from freight train conflicts. The project would significantly improve travel times, reliability, and frequency compared to current VIA Rail service. For municipalities, HFR would affect station area planning, local transit connections, economic development opportunities around stations, and land use along corridors. Planning and environmental review have been underway for years, with various federal announcements about project advancement. HFR represents a major federal infrastructure initiative that could reshape intercity travel patterns in central Canada while requiring coordination with affected municipalities on station planning and integration.