The National Emergency Strategic Stockpile (NESS) is the federal government's reserve of emergency health supplies available to support provinces, territories, and municipalities during health emergencies and disasters. The stockpile includes personal protective equipment, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, and social service supplies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, stockpile adequacy became a significant issue as demands exceeded available supplies. The Public Health Agency of Canada manages the stockpile, deploying resources in response to requests from other jurisdictions. Municipalities benefit from the stockpile through provincial distribution during emergencies, complementing local emergency supplies and provincial resources.