Gun control in Canada is primarily federal jurisdiction under criminal law powers, with the federal government regulating firearm licensing, registration (for restricted and prohibited firearms), acquisition, storage, and use. The RCMP administers the Canadian Firearms Program. Provinces may have additional regulations around hunting and wildlife management. Municipalities have limited authority over firearms but increasingly seek greater control in response to gun violence in their communities. Some cities have passed motions calling for handgun bans or requesting expanded local authority to restrict firearms. The constitutional division of powers constrains municipal action—criminal law is federal, and provinces haven't generally delegated firearm regulatory authority to municipalities. Gun control debates involve complex trade-offs between public safety, legal firearms ownership (hunting, sport shooting), Indigenous rights, and concerns about urban gun violence versus rural firearms culture. Municipal advocacy continues for greater local input on firearms policies.