Federal-municipal policy coordination refers to efforts to align policies and programs across federal and municipal governments despite the constitutional reality that municipalities fall under provincial jurisdiction. Direct federal-municipal coordination occurs through various mechanisms: the Federation of Canadian Municipalities provides a formal channel for municipal input on federal policy, bilateral meetings occur between the federal housing minister and big-city mayors, and specific programs create direct funding relationships. Areas requiring coordination include housing (where federal financing, provincial regulation, and municipal zoning all matter), infrastructure (where all three levels invest), immigration (federally determined but municipally absorbed), and climate action (where local implementation of national goals is essential). Challenges include provinces sometimes resenting being bypassed, conflicting priorities between government levels, and coordination costs. Effective policy outcomes often require all three orders of government working toward aligned objectives.