Gun violence encompasses shootings, homicides, and other violent acts involving firearms, representing a significant public safety concern in Canadian cities. While Canada has lower rates than the United States, gun violence has increased in some urban areas, particularly involving illegal handguns. Municipalities respond through police enforcement, community intervention programs, youth initiatives, and support for victims, but repeatedly call for federal action on issues beyond local control: border security to stop illegal gun smuggling, stricter regulation of legal firearms that are diverted to criminal use, mandatory minimum sentences for gun crimes, and resources for tracing illegal weapons. Municipal advocacy argues that cities bear the consequences of gun violence but lack authority to address root causes. Gun violence disproportionately affects certain communities and involves complex factors including gang activity, socioeconomic conditions, and inadequate mental health services. Comprehensive responses require all levels of government.