A majority government occurs when one political party wins more than half the seats in Parliament or a provincial legislature, giving it the power to pass legislation without needing support from other parties. In Canada's Westminster parliamentary system, the party with the most seats forms government, but only a majority allows governing without negotiating with opposition parties for every vote. Majority governments provide stability since they're unlikely to lose confidence votes, but critics argue they give excessive power to the ruling party with limited checks. Federal and provincial elections can produce either majority or minority governments depending on how seats distribute among parties.