Capping in property tax systems refers to policies that limit how much individual property taxes can increase in a single year, regardless of assessment changes. When property values rise rapidly, capping prevents sudden, dramatic tax increases that might be unaffordable for property owners. For example, a cap might limit increases to 5% annually even if assessed value jumped 20%. While protecting individual taxpayers, capping creates complexities—capped properties pay less than their 'full share' based on market value, with the difference shifted to other properties or gradually phased in over time. Capping policies vary by province and involve tradeoffs between stability for individuals and system-wide equity.