Maintenance and repairs encompass all activities required to keep municipal facilities, infrastructure, and equipment functioning properly. Maintenance includes routine activities like inspecting equipment, replacing worn parts, and cleaning facilities to prevent problems. Repairs address issues that arise when components fail or deteriorate. Municipal budgets include maintenance and repair costs as operating expenses, distinct from capital spending on new assets. Adequate maintenance extends asset life and prevents costly emergency repairs, while deferred maintenance creates backlogs that become increasingly expensive to address. Asset management plans help municipalities schedule maintenance activities and budget appropriately for ongoing care of public infrastructure.