Asset lifespan (or useful life) is the expected duration that infrastructure or equipment will remain functional before needing replacement. Different assets have vastly different lifespans: a vehicle might last 10 years, a roof 25 years, a road 40 years, and a concrete water pipe 75-100 years. Understanding asset lifespans helps municipalities plan when replacements will be needed and save accordingly. However, actual lifespan varies based on usage, maintenance quality, environmental conditions, and construction quality. Proper maintenance can extend lifespan beyond estimates, while neglect or harsh conditions can shorten it.