Population growth projections are estimates of how many people will live in an area in the future, based on factors like birth rates, death rates, immigration patterns, and economic conditions. Municipalities use these projections for long-term planning because population changes directly affect service demands and revenues. Growing populations require expanded infrastructure like roads, water systems, and transit, plus more schools, recreation facilities, and emergency services. Declining populations may lead to budget pressures as fewer taxpayers support existing infrastructure. Statistics Canada provides national projections, while provinces and municipalities develop local forecasts for planning purposes.