The speculation tax controversy refers to debates around taxes targeting property speculation, particularly by non-residents or those leaving properties vacant. British Columbia introduced a speculation and vacancy tax in 2018 aimed at increasing housing supply by discouraging foreign and domestic speculation and vacant properties in high-demand areas. Supporters argue these taxes address housing affordability by discouraging properties being held as investments rather than homes. Critics argue they may not significantly affect prices, create compliance burdens, and unfairly target legitimate property owners like seasonal residents or those with multiple homes. The controversy reflects broader tensions around housing affordability, foreign investment in real estate, and appropriate government intervention in housing markets.