Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence where computer systems improve their performance on tasks by learning from data rather than following explicit programming. ML algorithms identify patterns in large datasets to make predictions, recommendations, or decisions. Municipal applications include analyzing traffic patterns to optimize signal timing, predicting infrastructure maintenance needs, detecting fraud in permit applications, and improving citizen service chatbots. ML requires substantial data and computing resources, raising considerations about privacy, bias in automated decisions, and transparency. As ML technology advances, municipalities will encounter more opportunities and challenges in applying these tools to public services.