A patch is a software update that fixes bugs, addresses security vulnerabilities, or makes small improvements to existing programs. Patches are released by software vendors when problems are discovered, and applying patches promptly is essential for cybersecurity. Municipal IT departments must manage patches across all systems, balancing the need for security updates against potential disruption from changes. Unpatched systems remain vulnerable to known exploits. Patch management involves identifying available patches, testing for compatibility, scheduling installation, and verifying successful application. Major security breaches have resulted from organizations failing to apply available patches, making patch management a critical IT responsibility.