In technology contexts, migration refers to moving data, software applications, or systems from one platform, environment, or technology to another. Municipal IT departments undertake migrations when upgrading systems, changing software vendors, moving to cloud computing, or consolidating databases. Data migration transfers information while preserving integrity and relationships. Application migration moves software functionality to new platforms. Migrations are complex projects requiring careful planning, testing, and often running old and new systems simultaneously during transition periods. Failed migrations can disrupt municipal services and lose important data. Successful migrations require adequate time, resources, and expertise.