Bandwidth is the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over an internet connection in a given time period, typically measured in megabits per second (Mbps) or gigabits per second (Gbps). Higher bandwidth allows for faster downloads, smoother video streaming, and better performance when multiple devices use the connection simultaneously. Bandwidth needs have grown dramatically with remote work, online learning, and streaming services. Digital equity discussions recognize that limited bandwidth in rural and remote areas creates disadvantages for residents who cannot access online services, education, and economic opportunities available to those with high-speed connections.