A domain is the human-readable name that identifies a website on the internet, like canada.ca or toronto.ca. Domains consist of several parts: the top-level domain (TLD) appears at the end (.ca for Canada, .gov for US government, .com for commercial), while the second-level domain is the unique identifier chosen by the organization (canada, toronto). Subdomains can precede the main domain (www, mail, or specific department names). Organizations register domains through accredited registrars and must renew registrations periodically. The .ca domain is reserved for Canadian entities, managed by the Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA). Government domains establish official online presence, and users should verify they're on legitimate government domains before entering personal information, as phishing attacks often use similar-looking fake domains.