Indigenous Services Canada (ISC) is the federal department responsible for delivering services to First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples and communities. Created in 2017 when Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada was split, ISC focuses on service delivery while Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada handles broader relationship issues. ISC responsibilities include: education funding on reserves, health services including the Non-Insured Health Benefits program, child and family services, infrastructure funding (housing, water, schools), social development programs, and emergency management support. The department's mandate explicitly includes supporting Indigenous peoples' control over service delivery, working toward transferring services to Indigenous-run organizations. ISC delivers services directly, funds band-administered programs, and transfers services to Indigenous governments through various arrangements. The department works toward the goal of Indigenous self-determination in service delivery, though progress varies across program areas and communities.