Biomass refers to organic materials—wood, agricultural residues, food waste, and purpose-grown energy crops—that can be burned or processed to generate energy. Biomass energy can produce heat, electricity, or biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel. In Canada, biomass energy is significant in provinces with large forest industries, where wood waste fuels industrial operations and district heating systems. While biomass is considered renewable because plants regrow, debates exist about its climate impact (burning releases carbon dioxide) and sustainability (competing with food production or natural habitats). Modern biomass technology aims to maximize energy efficiency while minimizing emissions.