A city manager (also called Chief Administrative Officer) is the top appointed official in a municipal government, responsible for managing all staff, implementing council decisions, and overseeing daily operations. The position originated in the early 20th-century reform movement promoting professional municipal administration. City managers are hired by and report to council, providing professional management while elected officials focus on policy direction. Responsibilities include preparing budgets, making staff recommendations, advising council on issues, and ensuring services are delivered efficiently. The city manager role requires balancing technical expertise with the ability to work effectively with elected officials and the public.