A subcontractor is a specialized contractor hired by a general contractor to perform specific portions of a construction project. General contractors coordinate overall projects while subcontractors provide specialized expertise—electrical, plumbing, HVAC, roofing, concrete, and other trades. Subcontracting allows general contractors to access specialized skills without maintaining all trades in-house. On municipal projects, general contractors typically hire and manage subcontractors, with the municipality's contractual relationship being with the general contractor. Subcontractor quality affects project outcomes, so general contractors vet subcontractors carefully. Some contracts include requirements about subcontractor qualifications, local hiring, or social procurement objectives. Payment to subcontractors flows through general contractors, with construction lien legislation protecting subcontractors' payment rights.