A fixture is a permanent installation in a building, typically referring to plumbing fixtures (sinks, toilets, bathtubs, faucets) and lighting fixtures (ceiling lights, wall sconces, built-in lighting). Fixtures are distinguished from furniture and appliances by being permanently attached to the building structure—they typically remain when a property is sold or a tenant moves. Building codes and permits regulate fixture installation, especially plumbing fixtures that connect to water and waste systems. Fixture counts (number of sinks, toilets, etc.) determine plumbing system requirements and sometimes affect utility charges. When municipal buildings are constructed or renovated, fixture selections balance durability, efficiency (water-saving fixtures, energy-efficient lighting), maintenance requirements, accessibility, and cost. In property law, fixtures become part of the real property and are included in property transfers unless specifically excluded.