Lab work refers to medical laboratory testing of blood, urine, tissue, and other samples to diagnose diseases, monitor health conditions, and guide treatment decisions. Medical laboratories analyze samples for conditions like infections, diabetes, thyroid problems, and many other health concerns. In Canada, healthcare including lab testing is provincially regulated and funded through provincial health insurance. Municipalities may operate public health laboratories testing water quality and food safety, distinct from medical labs. Understanding lab work helps citizens navigate healthcare services and appreciate the diagnostic infrastructure supporting community health across the healthcare system.