A generic medication is a pharmaceutical product equivalent to a brand-name drug in dosage, strength, quality, performance, and intended use, but typically sold at significantly lower prices. Generic drugs become available after brand-name drug patents expire (usually 20 years from development), allowing other manufacturers to produce the same medication. Health Canada approves generics only after verifying they're bioequivalent to the original. Generics typically cost 20-80% less than brand names because manufacturers don't bear original research and development costs. Most drug plans encourage generic use to control costs. Pharmacists may substitute generics unless the prescriber specifically requires the brand name. While some patients prefer brand names or experience differences with generics, Health Canada standards ensure generic medications meet the same efficacy and safety requirements. Generic availability varies—some medications have many generic options while newer drugs remain brand-name only.