Hypertension is the medical term for persistently elevated blood pressure—the force of blood pushing against artery walls. Blood pressure is measured in two numbers: systolic (pressure during heartbeats) over diastolic (pressure between beats). Normal blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg; hypertension is typically diagnosed at 140/90 or above (though guidelines vary). Hypertension often has no symptoms but significantly increases risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, and other serious conditions. It's sometimes called the "silent killer" because damage accumulates without warning. Risk factors include age, family history, obesity, high sodium intake, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. Management involves lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, sodium reduction, stress management) and often medications. Many Canadians have undiagnosed or uncontrolled hypertension. Regular blood pressure monitoring, available at pharmacies and medical offices, helps identify this common condition. Treatment and monitoring are covered by provincial health insurance.