A pandemic is a disease outbreak spreading across multiple countries or continents, affecting large populations globally. The World Health Organization declares pandemics when new diseases spread extensively with human-to-human transmission. The COVID-19 pandemic beginning in 2020 demonstrated how pandemics affect all government levels. While public health is primarily provincial responsibility, municipal governments played crucial roles managing local outbreaks, supporting public health measures, modifying service delivery, and addressing community needs. Pandemic planning is now a standard component of municipal emergency management. Lessons from COVID-19 continue informing municipal preparedness for future health emergencies.