A charge is a formal accusation that a person has committed a criminal offence, initiating the criminal court process. Police lay charges when they believe they have evidence that someone committed a crime, or Crown prosecutors may approve charges in some jurisdictions. Being charged does not mean someone is guilty—the presumption of innocence applies until guilt is proven in court. The charge specifies the offence (like theft, assault, or impaired driving) and relevant Criminal Code or other statute section. After being charged, the accused appears in court to enter a plea and proceed through the justice system. Charges may be withdrawn, stayed, or result in conviction or acquittal.