A lawsuit is a civil legal proceeding where one party (the plaintiff) seeks compensation, action, or resolution from another party (the defendant) through the court system. Unlike criminal cases prosecuted by government, lawsuits typically involve disputes between individuals, businesses, or organizations over contracts, property, injuries, or other civil matters. Municipalities may face lawsuits over issues like slip-and-fall accidents on public property, contract disputes with suppliers, employment matters, or decisions affecting property rights. Municipalities also initiate lawsuits to collect unpaid taxes, enforce bylaws, or protect municipal interests. Legal costs and potential liability influence many municipal decisions.