A tort is a civil (non-criminal) wrong causing harm to another person or property, forming the basis for lawsuits seeking compensation. Common torts include negligence (failure to exercise reasonable care causing injury), defamation (harming reputation through false statements), trespass, and nuisance. Tort law allows injured parties to sue wrongdoers for damages. Unlike criminal law where government prosecutes offenses against society, tort claims are brought by individuals or organizations seeking compensation for specific harm. Municipalities face tort liability when negligence in maintaining roads, facilities, or services causes injury. Municipal liability is an important consideration in risk management, insurance, and operational decisions. Tort claims against municipalities follow specific procedural requirements.