Watershed management is the integrated approach to protecting and managing all land and water within a watershed—the area draining to a common water body. Effective watershed management recognizes that activities anywhere in the watershed affect downstream water quality and quantity. Management approaches include protecting riparian areas, managing stormwater, controlling erosion, limiting pollution sources, and preserving natural areas that filter water. Watershed planning often involves multiple jurisdictions and stakeholders since watersheds cross municipal and provincial boundaries. Watershed protection is essential for drinking water sources—source water protection plans identify threats and protective measures. Climate change adaptation increasingly involves watershed-scale thinking about flood management and water supply resilience. Watershed organizations and conservation authorities coordinate management across jurisdictions.