Toxic describes substances that are poisonous or harmful to living organisms. In environmental and regulatory contexts, toxic substances are those that can cause adverse health effects, environmental damage, or death. The Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) maintains a list of toxic substances subject to management and reduction measures. Toxic materials require special handling, storage, transportation, and disposal to prevent exposure. Household toxic materials include certain cleaners, pesticides, and batteries requiring proper disposal rather than regular garbage. Industrial toxic substances are heavily regulated. Municipalities address toxic materials through household hazardous waste collection programs, contaminated site management, and emergency response planning. Toxicity levels vary—some substances are toxic in small amounts while others require larger exposures to cause harm.