Hazardous materials (often abbreviated as hazmat) are substances that pose risks to health, safety, property, or the environment due to their chemical, physical, or biological properties. Categories include explosives, flammable materials, toxic substances, corrosives, radioactive materials, and infectious substances. Regulations govern hazardous material transport (Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act), workplace handling (occupational health and safety laws), storage, and disposal. Hazardous materials require special handling, labelling, and documentation—the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) provides standardized symbols and safety data sheets. Municipal emergency services train for hazmat incidents, often maintaining specialized equipment and personnel. Household hazardous waste (paint, chemicals, batteries) requires separate collection rather than regular garbage disposal. Municipalities operate hazardous waste depots and collection events. Industrial facilities using hazardous materials must meet environmental regulations and may require emergency response plans.