Canada's Official Languages Act establishes English and French as equal official languages of the federal government, with Canadians having the right to receive federal services in either language. Bilingual requirements apply to federal institutions, courts, and certain situations in areas with significant minority language populations. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province, while other provinces have varying French or English language service obligations. The territories have additional official languages including Indigenous languages. Municipal obligations depend on provincial legislation; most municipalities operate in their region's dominant language but may provide some bilingual services. Official bilingualism reflects Canada's history and constitutional commitments.