Reclamation is the process of restoring land that has been disturbed by industrial activities—particularly mining, oil and gas extraction, and other resource development—to a productive or natural state. In Canada, resource companies are typically required to reclaim sites after operations end, returning land to equivalent capability. Reclamation may involve removing infrastructure, reshaping terrain, replacing topsoil, revegetating with native species, and monitoring for years to ensure success. Provincial governments regulate reclamation requirements and often require companies to post financial security ensuring funds are available for reclamation even if companies fail. Effective reclamation addresses both environmental restoration and community concerns.