Reforestation is the deliberate replanting of trees in areas where forests have been removed or degraded, whether from logging, fire, disease, or land clearing. In Canada, reforestation is legally required after commercial logging on Crown land, with forest companies obligated to replant harvested areas. Reforestation programs also address climate change by sequestering carbon, restore wildlife habitat, protect watersheds, and prevent erosion. Municipalities may undertake urban reforestation to increase tree canopy, improve air quality, and reduce urban heat. Native species appropriate to local conditions are preferred for ecological benefits. Reforestation is distinct from afforestation, which plants trees where forests didn't previously exist.