Desertification is the process by which fertile land degrades into arid, desert-like conditions, typically through a combination of climate change, deforestation, overgrazing, poor agricultural practices, and unsustainable water use. While commonly associated with tropical and subtropical regions, desertification concerns exist globally. In Canada, parts of the southern prairies face risks of land degradation from drought, intensive agriculture, and changing precipitation patterns, though full desertification is less common. The consequences include loss of agricultural productivity, displacement of communities, biodiversity loss, and dust storms affecting air quality. Combating desertification involves sustainable land management, reforestation, improved irrigation practices, and addressing underlying climate change. International efforts are coordinated through the UN Convention to Combat Desertification.