LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is a standard protocol used for accessing and managing directory information over computer networks. Think of it as a digital phonebook that stores usernames, passwords, email addresses, and organizational information in a structured format. LDAP allows different computer systems to authenticate users against a central directory, so employees can use one login for multiple applications. Municipalities use LDAP to manage staff accounts across various systems, ensuring consistent access control and simplifying user administration. When employees join or leave, IT staff update the LDAP directory once rather than changing access in every separate system.