Bill 101, officially the Charter of the French Language, is Quebec's foundational language legislation passed in 1977 that establishes French as Quebec's official language. The law requires French on commercial signage, mandates French education for most children, requires businesses of certain sizes to operate in French, and makes French the language of government and courts. Bill 101 reflects Quebec's distinct society status and efforts to preserve French in a predominantly English-speaking North America. The law has been amended multiple times and remains central to Quebec identity. Municipalities in Quebec must operate in French, with limited exceptions in areas with significant English-speaking populations.