A public hearing is a formal meeting where citizens can speak directly to council or a committee before major decisions are made. Unlike regular public meetings, public hearings have specific legal requirements: notice must be given, attendance recorded, and speakers' comments documented. Provincial legislation requires public hearings for certain decisions, particularly zoning changes and official plan amendments. Anyone can typically attend and speak, though time limits may apply. Council members listen but shouldn't debate with speakers. Public hearings ensure affected citizens have opportunity to be heard before decisions affecting their property or neighbourhood are finalized.