A Municipal Act (or Municipal Government Act, Cities Act, or similar name) is the provincial legislation establishing the legal framework for municipal government. These Acts define how municipalities are created and structured, what powers they possess, how councils operate, requirements for finances and accountability, and relationships with the province. Major cities may have specific charters granting additional powers tailored to urban needs. Understanding the Municipal Act is essential for municipal officials since it defines the boundaries of their authority. Provincial legislatures amend municipal acts periodically, sometimes significantly expanding or restricting local government powers based on government priorities.