A pecuniary interest (also called financial conflict of interest) exists when a council decision could financially benefit or harm an elected official or their immediate family. Provincial legislation requires councillors to declare pecuniary interests before any discussion or vote on affected matters, typically requiring them to leave the room during deliberations. Examples include decisions affecting property the councillor owns, contracts with the councillor's business, or matters involving employers or business partners. Failing to declare pecuniary interests can result in penalties including removal from office. Clear conflict of interest rules protect public trust and ensure decisions serve community rather than personal interests.