Self-government refers to the right of Indigenous peoples to govern their own affairs according to their own traditions, laws, and decision-making processes, rather than being governed primarily by the Indian Act and federal government. Canada recognizes the inherent right of Indigenous self-government as an existing Aboriginal right. Self-government agreements, negotiated between Indigenous nations and federal/provincial governments, transfer governance authority over matters like education, healthcare, land management, and justice. Examples include Nisga'a, Yukon First Nations, and Nunavut (Inuit self-government). Self-government represents a shift from colonial administration toward Indigenous peoples controlling their own communities and futures.