Hazardous waste consists of discarded materials that are dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment due to their quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics. Common household hazardous wastes include paints and solvents, automotive fluids, pesticides, cleaners, batteries, and electronics. Industrial and institutional operations generate additional hazardous waste streams requiring specialized management. Hazardous waste cannot be disposed of in regular garbage—improper disposal can contaminate landfills, groundwater, and ecosystems, and may create health risks for waste workers. Municipalities operate hazardous waste depots where residents can safely dispose of these materials, and may hold periodic collection events. Provincial regulations govern hazardous waste classification, handling, transport, and disposal, with different requirements for household versus industrial quantities. Proper hazardous waste management protects public health and environment while recovering some materials for recycling.