Building codes are technical standards that specify minimum requirements for the design and construction of buildings to ensure safety, health, accessibility, and structural integrity. Canada has a national model building code, but construction regulation is provincial jurisdiction—each province adopts and enforces its own building code (usually based on the national model with some modifications). Codes cover structural requirements, fire safety, accessibility for people with disabilities, energy efficiency, plumbing, electrical systems, and more. Municipal building departments enforce codes by reviewing plans and inspecting construction. Codes are updated periodically to reflect new materials, technologies, and lessons from building failures.