The Metis Nation refers both to the collective identity of Metis people and the geographic homeland where Metis communities historically developed, primarily in the Prairie provinces and extending into Ontario, British Columbia, and the northern United States. The Metis National Council serves as the national representative body for the Metis Nation, with provincial organizations in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, and British Columbia. The Metis Nation has pursued self-government agreements, land rights, and recognition of Metis rights through negotiation and litigation. Understanding Metis Nation governance structures helps municipalities engage appropriately when projects affect Metis communities or traditional territories.