Ontario's Greenbelt Act protects approximately 2 million acres of farmland and natural areas surrounding the Greater Toronto Area from urban development. Established in 2005, the Greenbelt aims to preserve agricultural land, protect watersheds, and contain urban sprawl. The Greenbelt has been controversial, with development interests seeking boundary amendments and 2022-2023 attempts to remove certain lands generating significant political fallout and reversal. Municipalities within and adjacent to the Greenbelt must plan development within its constraints. The Greenbelt demonstrates tensions between growth pressures, housing affordability, farmland preservation, and environmental protection facing rapidly growing urban regions.