Provincial infrastructure matching refers to funding arrangements where provinces require municipalities to contribute a portion of project costs to receive provincial grants. Common matching ratios include 50-50 or two-thirds provincial/one-third municipal splits. Matching requirements ensure municipalities have 'skin in the game' and help provincial dollars go further. However, matching requirements can disadvantage smaller or less wealthy municipalities that struggle to raise their share, potentially widening infrastructure gaps between communities. Some programs offer sliding scales based on municipal fiscal capacity. Matching requirements apply to various infrastructure types including roads, water systems, recreation facilities, and transit projects.