Indigenous-municipal relations encompass the relationships, agreements, and interactions between municipalities and nearby Indigenous communities (First Nations, Métis settlements, or Inuit communities). These relationships involve complex jurisdictional questions: reserves fall under federal jurisdiction, municipalities under provincial, yet they share geographic space and common interests. Provincial governments sometimes facilitate these relationships through frameworks, funding, and mediation. Issues addressed include: service-sharing agreements (fire protection, water, waste management), joint economic development, land use planning near reserve boundaries, urban Indigenous services, treaty and land claim implications, and reconciliation initiatives. Successful relationships require mutual respect, recognition of Indigenous rights and title, and genuine partnership. The quality of Indigenous-municipal relations varies dramatically across Canada, influenced by historical relationships, local leadership, and specific circumstances. Reconciliation calls on municipalities to develop positive relationships with Indigenous neighbours.